# CRISPR is a revolutionary gene-editing technology that allows scientists to locate and correct errors in DNA.

*biotech · news · 2026-04-30 · India Today*

## Key points

- BIRSA 101 uses a custom enzyme, enFnCas9, designed at CSIR-IGIB for greater gene-editing precision.
- Genome-wide studies show BIRSA 101 achieves up to 1,000-fold fewer off-target edits than existing CRISPR tools.
- Unlike Casgevy, BIRSA 101 directly repairs the sickle cell mutation, not just boosting fetal hemoglobin.
- BIRSA 101 could cost around Rs 50 lakh per patient, about 15-20 times cheaper than Casgevy.
- Phase 1 human trials of BIRSA 101 are imminent, aiming for a potentially one-time, lifelong cure.

**Companies:** Serum Institute
**Countries:** India

[Read the full story on India Today](https://www.indiatoday.in/science/story/birsa-101-india-crispr-gene-therapy-sickle-cell-disease-cost-trials-csir-igib-2903821-2026-04-30)

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